„PLANT BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION“ Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995)
Content:
Katić, S., Lukić, D.,
Mihailović, V.
THE EFFECT OF PLANT INFLORESCENCE AND INFLORESCENCE FLOWER POSITIONS
ON THE SETTING OF LUCERNE SEED [Abstract] [Full text]
Vučković,
S., Pavešić-Popović Jasna, Zakonović, M., Nikitović, N., Božić, M. i Zarić, D.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING AND BORON AND ZINC FERTILIZATION ON SEED
YIELD PER ALFALFA PLANT [Abstract] [Full text]
Erić, P., Ćupina, B., Mihailović, V. i Trifunović, T.
WEED SEEDS IN ALFALFA SEEED [Abstract] [Full text]
Marković M., Stamenković T., Barać D.
WEED CONTROL IN ETABLED ALFALFA [Abstract] [Full text]
Suković,
I., Gruičić, N., Kresović, B.
NEW SOLUTIONS OF DRILLS FOR SEEDING OF SMALL SEEDED LEGUMES [Abstract] [Full text]
Ivanovski, R.P., Mihajlovski, M., Rostov, T.
SEED PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SEED PRODUCED OF SOME FODDER CROPS IN
REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA [Abstract] [Full text]
Popović,
V., Jokić, D., Brković, M., Spalević, B.
PART OF GRASS-LEGUMINOUS MIXTURES ON EROSION PREVENT ON NEWTAKE
AREAS IN METOHIJA'S DISTRICT [Abstract] [Full text]
Tomić, Z., Mrfat-Vukelić, S., Delić-Ostojić, D.
THE PRODUCTION OF PERENNIAL GRASSES IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS [Abstract] [Full text]
Radenović,
B.
GALEGA ORIENTALIS Lam. "GALE" VARIETY, NEW LEGUMINOUS,
PROTEIN AND PERENNIAL FORAGE PLANT IN YUGOSLAVIA [Abstract] [Full text]
Radenović, B, Dragoslava Radin, Martinović LJ.
THE ROLE OF THIZOBIUM GALEGE ORIENTALIS LAM. IN SPREADING OF GALEGE
OF THE LINE R.B.M.A-S-a IN YUGOSLAVIA [Abstract] [Full text]
Miličić B., Kuzmanović D., Radin Dragoslava, Radenović B.
GALA AZOTOFIKSIN - A NEW MICROBIOL FERTILIZER FOR SUCCESSFUL
CULTIVATION OF GALEGA ORIENTALIS LAM. IN THE OUR COUNTRY [Abstract] [Full text]
Milanović
M., Pavlović M., Popović A., Ognjanović R., Jelić M., Stojanović S.
RESULTS OF SPRING TRITICALE BREEDING IN KRAGUJEVAC [Abstract] [Full text]
Jelić, M., Milovanović, M., Lomović, S.
SEED PRODUCTION OF SPRING TRITICALE IN THE DEPEND ANCE ON DIFFERENT
AGROTECHNICAL MEASUREMENTS [Abstract] [Full text]
Ognjanović,
R., Maksimović, D., Milovanović, M., Krstić, M.
AGRICULTURAL MEASURES NECESSARY FOR SEED PRODUCTION OF
FEED BARLEYS [Abstract] [Full text]
Ognjanović,
R., Maksimović, D., Milovanović, M, Krstić, M., Mihajlija Dušanka, Mihajlija,
G.
OPTIMAL VARIETAL AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING FOR SEED PRODUCTION OF
SOME SPRING OATS CULTIVARS [Abstract] [Full text]
Krastev, A., Sengalević, G., Kuzmanov, N., Abdulaziz, M.
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SOME INSECTICIDES ON FORAGE CULTURES AND
THEIR INFLUENCES IN THE HOMEOSTASIS IN RUMEN ANIMALS [Abstract] [Full text]
Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 271-274
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
THE EFFECT OF PLANT INFLORESCENCE AND INFLORESCENCE FLOWER POSITIONS ON THE SETTING OF LUCERNE SEED
By
KATIĆ, S., LUKIĆ, D., MIHAILOVIĆ, V.
SUMMARY
Lucerne is growing on large areas and therefore a need appears for the seed of that crop. In order to improve the production of lucerne seed it is nesessary to know biological characteristics affecting the setting of pods and seeds.
Corresponding author:
Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 275-280
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING AND BORON AND ZINC FERTILIZATION ON SEED YIELD PER ALFALFA PLANT
By
VUČKOVIC S., PAVEŠIĆ-POPOVIĆ JASNA, ZORANOVIĆ M, NIKOLIĆ N,
BOŽIĆ M., ZORIĆ D.
SUMMARY
The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of sowing and fertilization using boron and zinc on seed yield per alfalfa plant. Higher seed yields per plant were registered over a period of three years with plants sown in broad vegetation space. Higher seed yields per plant were noted using boron foliar fertilization during dry seasons in plants sown in smaller vegetation space. Boron and zinc fertilization had no effect on seed yield increase per alfalfa plant.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 281-288
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
WEED SEEDS IN ALFALFA SEEED
By
ERIĆ, P., ĆUPINA, B., MIHAILOVIĆ, V. AND TRIFUNOVIĆ, T.
SUMMARY
According to 118 samples of alfalfa seeds analyzed for the content of weed in the Vojvodina Province in the five-year study (1990-1994) it can be concluded as follows:
Even the lowest amounts of weed seeds in alfalfa seed impurities affect the degree of alfalfa seed utilization in the processing, not only quantitatively but also qualitatively.
File-year average content of weed seed in the seed of alfalfa was 2.19 %. It was lowest in Srem (1.29 %), Bačka (2.20 %) and highest in Banat (2.68 %) (Table 2) and ranged from their presence in traces to 22.6 % (tab. 1.).
In 118 samples, we determined 89 weed species of which 23 were economically harmful species and 8 were typical weeds found in alfalfa seed (tab. 3.).
We identified all 8 species of weed seeds in alfalfa seed that are hard to be separated during processing (tab. 3.).
Most frequent species were quarantine species from the genus Cuscuta sp. and Chenopodiuin album L. that are hard to be separated at seed processing (tab. 4.).
Five-year average of annual purity of natural alfalfa seed in the Vojvodina Province was 78.47 %, ranking from 73.01 % (1991) to 86.50- % (1993). In individual samples, these differences were even higher.
The share of other species (cultivated plants) was within the limit, 0.29 % on average (tab. 6.).
Frequent occurrence of Cuscuta indicates that even intensive endeavor in weed control in alfalfa give no satisfactory results. It can be concluded that the measurements undertaken in the large scale production are not sufficient, bearing in mind all the ways of spreading Cuscuta infection.
Key words: alfalfa seed, natural purity, weed seed, Cuscuta.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 289-297
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
WEED CONTROL IN ETABLED ALFALFA
By
MARKOVIĆ M, STAMENKOVIĆ T., BARAĆ D.
SUMMARY
In 1990-1993, the possibilities of weed control in etabled alfalfa were tested in several localities of Padinska skela. In trials, metribuzine (Sencor WP, Sencor WG), hexazinon (Velpar), terbacil (Sinbar), imazepir (Pivot), nepropamide (Dervinol) and mixture of sekbumeton with simazin (Etazin 3585, Etazin 3947) were applied during the dormant stage and in vegetation after first and second cutting. Obtained results show satisfactory efficacy to the present weed species during the whole year not depending on schedule and time of weed appearance. Applied during the dormant stage of alfalfa or before the new growth starts after cutting most of herbicides show good tolerance and selectivity. On the opposite the leaf mase damage, growth suppression, prolongation of vegetation and reduction in cutting numbers and yield occur. Herbicides persistency is satisfactory and some herbicides efficacy is prolonged for the two years period which is very significant for seasonal weed schedule during the year.
While in spring dikot weed species as Capsella bursa pastoris, Sinapis arvensis and Lamium spp, dominate in summer grass weed species as Setaria spp., Panicum spp., Poa spp., Lolium spp., Festuca spp., Bromus spp, Digitaria spp., Phleum spp. and others prevail. Besides that, presence of perennial species such as Taraxacum spp., Sorghum spp., Phragmites spp., Rubus spp., Rumex, Cynodon spp. and others, prevent, make difficult or reduce application of greater number of herbicides.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 298-301
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
NEW SOLUTIONS OF DRILLS FOR SEEDING OF SMALL SEEDED LEGUMES
By
SUKOVIĆ, I., GRUIČIĆ, N., KRESOVIĆ, B.
SUMMARY
On the previous level of development of agricultural mechanization in Serbia several solutions were given for seeding of small seeded legumes. Their basic characteristic is an unsatisfactory quality of seeding, from the viewpoint of evenness and preciseness.
In this paper two new solutions of the universal drills, IMT 634, 773 and IMT.FOP 643.857 are presented. By means of minimum and rapid adaptation of these drills, besides the seeding of small grain cereals, the sowing of small seeded legumes, grass seeds and other forage crops may be qualitatively carried out.
These solutions present a step forward in solving of seeding problems of small seeded legumes and they present a contribution to a more economical production of the crops sown. They have a special importance when the seed production is in question.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 302-306
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
SEED PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SEED PRODUCED OF SOME FODDER CROPS IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
By
IVANOVSKI, R.P., MIHAJLOVSKl, M., KOSTOV, T.
SUMMARY
Seed production in Republic of Macedonia of alfalfa (M.sativa), sainfoin (O. sativa), fodder peas (P. sativum spp. arvense) and common vetch (V. sativa) from year to year are different. Analysis from 1991 to 1994 years show that alfalfa have positive trend in hectares, sainfoin and fodder peas negative and common vetch stability.
Seed produce are about 500 kg/ha of alfalfa and sainfoin and 1 500 kg/ha of fodder peas and common vetch.
Quality of seed produce is first category.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 307-312
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
PART OF GRASS-LEGUMINOUS MIXTURES ON EROSION PREVENT ON NEWTAKE AREAS IN METOHIJA'S DISTRICT
By
POPOVIĆ, V., JOKIĆ, D., BRKOVIĆ, M., SPALEVIĆ, B.
SUMMARY
Soils of Metohija's district are situated on inclinations between 30 degrees (or 5%) for tat they are subject to water erosion.
Because no adequate utilization and nonaplication of technical and hydrotehnical measures, many of this soils who was been utilized under agricultural plaints (cereals, corn, potato, etc.), today give us nonadequte yields.
If we want conserve this lands, it's indispensable to apply agro technical measures who includes apply of grass and grass-leguminous mixtures. Only these measures can provide disappearance any form of erosion on these lands.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 313-316
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
THE PRODUCTION OF PERENNIAL GRASSES IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS
By
TOMIĆ, Z., MRFAT-VUKELIĆ, S., DELIĆ-OSTOJIĆ, D.1
SUMMARY
This paper discusses the results of a comparative study on green and dry matter production of 7 species and 11 cultivars of perennial grasses created in the Center for Forage Crops in Kruševac and 6 species and 6 cultivars obtained from Kmetijski Institute in Ljubljana. The experiment was conducted in the mountain region of Kopaonik at 1100 m altitude. Potato was the preceding crop and the weed associations recorded in the grasses sown were those favoring field crops. The following year the grasses sown were displaced by the weeds. Highest green and dry mater yields were recorded with the grass cultivars created at the Center for Forage Crops in Kruševac.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 317-322
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
GALEGA ORIENTALIS Lam. "GALE" VARIETY, NEW LEGUMINOUS, PROTEIN AND PERENNIAL FORAGE PLANT IN YUGOSLAVIA
By
RADENOVIĆ, B.
SUMMARY
Life time of Galege Orinetalis Lam. "GALE" variety is 15 years. It is used for feeding domestic animals as: green mass, hay, silage or vegetable protein meal.
It is resistant to frost diseases and pests can not stand drought particularly in planting year. In planting year, the over ground part grows slowly, so that care should be taken of weeds.
During our tests (1991-1994) under the conditions of dry crop farming, we obtained: in the plant year out of two swatches 32.5 t/ha green mass and 7.4 t/ha hay. In the second crop year, out of three swaths, we obtained 56,76 t/ha green mass and 13,42 t/ha hay, in the third crop year we obtained 68,68 t/ha green mass and 13/73 t/ha hay, and in the fourth crop year 77,86 t/ha green mass and 15,55 t/ha (beginning of blooming stage).
Stem heights (beginning of blooming stage) ranged from 106 cm. (1st swath) in the crop seeding year to 129.8 cm in the 4th year of life. Stem height (2nd and 3rd swaths) in all test years are ranged from 56 cm to 105 (2nd swath) and 58.9 cm to 61.2 cm (3rd swath).
Leaf-stem ratio was 55:45% (al swath averages in 1991-1994). During hay harvesting, there were no dropping off the leaves. Hay has pleasant smell and all sorts of animals liked to eat it.
Average content of dry matter (beginning of blooming stage) was about 23% and crude proteins in dry matter (buttoning stage) 27%, and beginning of blooming stage 25.59%.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 323-327
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
THE ROLE OF THIZOBIUM GALEGE ORIENTALIS LAM. IN SPREADING OF GALEGE OF THE LINE R.B.M.A-S-a IN YUGOSLAVIA
By
RADENOVIĆ, B., RADIN, DRAGOSLAVA, MARTINOVIĆ, LJ.
SUMMARY
In 1993 and 1994 we have carried out experiments under the controlled conditions with Galega orientalis Lam. along with preliminary inoculation of seeds by Rhizobium Galega orientalis, i.e. by microbiological fertilizer "Galaazotofixin" which was produced in the Soil institute, Belgrade, by the authors Dr Miličić B., Radenović, B., Dragoslava Radin and Kuzmanović D.
The effect of inoculation expressed by the yield ranged about 65.33% and that of hay 58.74% in relation to control, for the first, second and third cut.
The height of stem, ratio of leaf to stem and content of crude protein depended directly on the inoculation of seeds with Galaazotofixin, Rhizobium Galege orientalis Lam.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 328-332
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
GALA AZOTOFIKSIN - A NEW MICROBIOL FERTILIZER FOR SUCCESSFUL CULTIVATION OF GALEGA ORIENTALIS LAM. IN THE OUR COUNTRY
By
MILIČIĆ B., KUZMANOVIĆ D., RADIN DRAGOSLAVA, RADENOVIĆ B.
SUMMARY
Rhizobium galegae are fast growing rhizobia and not related to other fast growing rhizobia. They are also very host specific and infecting only Galega species. R. galegae strains do not infect the other leguminous plant tested. Plants of Galega spp. are only occasionally infected by other rhizobia but no nitrogen fixation occurs.
G. orientalis is a potential perennial forage legume. During the life 7-15 years give 70-100 t·ha-1 of the green mass containing 25% proteins in the leaves and 11% in the stalk.
Our results show that inoculation of G. orientalis with R. galegae had a positive effect on the shoot weight and the total contents of nitrogen. The yield of shoot dry weight increased 2.1 – 2.8 times and the total contents of nitrogen 5.7 – 7.3 times to inoculated plants (in test tubes and pots) in the relation of control plants respectively.
Thus artificial inoculation with appropriate active rhizobia is essential for successful cultivation of G. orientalis in our country.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 333-340
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
RESULTS OF SPRING TRITICALE BREEDING IN KRAGUJEVAC
By
MILOVANOVIĆ ML, PAVOVIĆ M., POPOVIĆ A., OGNJANOVIĆ R., JELIĆ M.,
STOJANOVIĆ S.
SUMMARY
Satisfying progress in breeding of spring triticale was attained. Some of new promising lines in comparison with exiting cultivars of spring 6x triticale, demonstrated advantage, especially for traits: height of stem and lodging resistance. The most promising genotypes have height of stem about 90 cm. Investigated genotypes of spring triticale distinguish with large kernel and higher content of protein in relation to facultative triticale cultivar Kg.20 (sown in spring). This could be important for its introduction in production.
Parameters of technological quality (mass of hectoliter and sedimentation) are unsatisfying, which points out that on improving of these traits in the future must be turned more attention. Kernel shriveling is usually more expressed in spring types of triticale.
Cultivars and lines of spring triticale achieved higher grain yields in relation to facultative triticale sown in spring. Average grain yields in Kragujevac were about 4 t/ha, while maximal were 7 t/ha. In macro experiments, spring triticale Zlatar had few lower grain yield from cultivars of spring oats (Rajac and Slavuj) and spring barley (Kraguj).
Almost whole investigated spring triticale was immune to causers of stem rust and powdery mildew. It could be important in production as well as for future breeding programs.
Work on breeding of spring triticale is necessary to continue, how established shortages of this new crop would be exceeded, as well as for acquiring of new knowledge and it's more successful introduction in practice.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 341-344
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
SEED PRODUCTION OF SPRING TRITICALE IN THE DEPEND ANCE ON DIFFERENT AGROTECHNICAL MEASUREMENTS
By
JELIĆ, M., MILOVANOVIĆ, M., LOMOVIĆ, S.
SUMMARY
The investigations were carried out on the agro technical field trial in Centre for small grains in Kragujevac during 1990-1993. The effect of rates of nitrogen fertilizers and seeding rate of spring triticale (cultivars "Zlatar" and "Soko") were examined. Soil type was vertisol.
Cultivar Zlatar had higher grain yield than cultivar Soko. The highest grain yields for both cultivars were obtained at the seeding rate of 700 germinated grains/m2 and 120 kg N/ha.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 345-348
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
AGRICULTURAL MEASURES NECESSARY FOR SEED PRODUCTION OF
FEED BARLEYS
By
OGNJANOVIĆ, R., MAKSIMOVIĆ, D., MILOVANOVIĆ, M., KRSTIĆ, M.
SUMMARY
Influences of different sowing densities and amounts of nitrogen on some characteristics at 6 cultivars of feed Barley, during the period 1990/91 - 1991/92, on the soil of smonitza type (Vertisol) after maize as previous crop (without fertilization), were investigated. Grain yield, mass of hectoliter and 1000 Kernels were investigated.
For successful seed production of cultivars Partizan, Gružanin and Rudničanin, it is necessary to perform sowing as earlier as possible in October, with 450 germinating seeds per m and fertilization by nitrogen with 90 kg/ha.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 349-352
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
OPTIMAL VARIETAL AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING FOR SEED PRODUCTION OF SOME SPRING OATS CULTIVARS
By
OGNJANOVIĆ, R., MAKSIMOVIĆ, D., MILOVANOVIĆ, M., KRSTIĆ, M, MIHAJLIJA DUŠANKA, MIHAJLIJA, G.
SUMMARY
Investigations were carried out on the soil of smonitza type (Vertisol), during 1992-1994 periods in 3 replications and randomized block design trials. Influences of sowing density and fertilization with nitrogen on seed production of spring oat cultivars Rajac, Slavuj and Lovćen were investigated. For seed production of cultivars Rajac, Slavuj and Lovćen, from germinating seeds per m2. The most favorable amount of nitrogen for seed production of cited cultivars, on the soil of smonitza type, after soybean, is 60 kg/ha, with usage of 80 kg phosphorus and 60 kg of potassium. By application of mentioned measures, the highest yield and the best quality of seed could be obtained.
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Published in „Plant breeding and Seed Production“
Vol. 2, No. 3-4 (1995), pp. 353-358
© 1995 Serbian Association of Plant Breeders
& Seed Producers
S. Bajića 1, Belgrade-Zemun, 11185
Serbia and Montenegro
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SOME INSECTICIDES ON FORAGE CULTURES AND THEIR INFLUENCES IN THE HOMEOSTASIS IN RUMEN ANIMALS
KRASTEV, AR., SENGALEVIĆ, G., KUZMANOV, N., ABDULAZIZ, M.
INTRODUCTION: Insecticides are corn-ponds of different physical and chemical properties. The toxicity and specific biological effect, as well as the metabolic study of any insecticide preparation intends to investigate metabolism, distribution, retention, accumulation, Soil-Leaching, translocation from soil plant-product to consumer (animal or human being). The product which has been got out of treated plant must to be hygienic clean from any residues of Pesticide. The presence of residues of the insecticide or its metabolites in the forage cultures may affect on the homeostasis of the rumen animals, although they don't show any clinical symptoms (3.5).
The aim of the present work is to investigate the character of the degradation products of insecticides Dursban 4EK, Tiodan 35EK and Sumia-Ipha 5EK in some forage cultures. The intensive insecticides effect under the conditions of the regions and upon their treated forages on the homeostasis of animals fed with such fodders.
In additional, we have tried to test the effect of the oral administration of same insecticides to animals demonstrating the indices characterized homeostasis.
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